If your eyes constantly feel itchy, irritated, or gritty, it can be difficult to pinpoint the cause. Two of the most common culprits are dry eye syndrome and eye allergies. While they share similar symptoms, the underlying causes and treatments can differ. Understanding the difference is key to finding long-lasting relief.

What Is Dry Eye?

Dry eye syndrome occurs when your eyes don’t produce enough tears, or the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential for maintaining the health and comfort of your eyes. When tear production is disrupted, it can lead to symptoms like:
 

• Burning or stinging

• Redness

• Blurry vision

• Sensitivity to light

• A gritty sensation

Dry eye is often caused by aging, certain medications, screen time, hormonal changes, meibomian gland dysfunction, or underlying health conditions. Environmental factors, like wind and dry air, can also make symptoms worse.

How Allergies Impact Your Eyes

Eye allergies, also known as allergic conjunctivitis, occur when your eyes react to allergens like pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or mold. When allergens come in contact with your eyes, your immune system releases histamines, triggering symptoms such as:
 

• Itching

• Redness

• Tearing

• Swelling of the eyelids

• Watery discharge

Unlike dry eye, allergic reactions tend to come and go with exposure to allergens and often occur alongside sneezing, a runny nose, or sinus congestion.

The Link Between Dry Eye and Allergies

Dry eye and allergies can occur independently, but it's also common for patients to experience both conditions simultaneously. Allergies can worsen dry eye by increasing inflammation and affecting tear quality. On the flip side, chronic eye rubbing from allergic irritation can disrupt the tear film and contribute to dry eye symptoms.

If your eyes are dry, itchy, and red, it’s possible you’re dealing with a combination of both. A thorough eye exam is essential so your optometrist can determine the root cause and create a personalized treatment plan.

What You Can Do at Home

Managing your symptoms starts with a few simple steps:
 

• Use artificial tears to help keep your eyes lubricated.

• Avoid known allergens whenever possible. Keep windows closed during high pollen seasons, use air purifiers, and clean your home regularly.

• Apply a cold compress to reduce inflammation and itching.

• Avoid rubbing your eyes, which can worsen irritation and inflammation.

When to See Your Eye Doctor

If your symptoms persist or worsen despite home care, it’s time to schedule a visit with your eye doctor. At Eye Center of Virginia, we can help diagnose the cause of your eye discomfort and provide effective treatments, which may include:
 

• Prescription anti-inflammatory or antihistamine eye drops

• Punctal plugs to help retain natural tears

• Advanced treatments like LipiFlow for chronic dry eye

Find Relief at Eye Center of Virginia

Itchy eyes may seem like a minor annoyance, but they can signal a deeper issue like dry eye syndrome, allergies, or both. Don’t let discomfort get in the way of your daily life - relief is possible with the right diagnosis and care.

If you’re struggling with itchy, irritated eyes, schedule a consultation with Eye Center of Virginia for personalized treatment. Visit our office in Williamsburg, Virginia, or call (757) 919-3500 to book an appointment today.